LinuxFocus July 1998: MySQL

Jose M. Fernández

嚙踝蕭嚙箴嚙諍選蕭嚙瘦
簡嚙踝蕭
嚙瘩嚙緯嚙磅嚙踝蕭
嚙緩嚙踝蕭
嚙衝一嚙畿嚙璀嚙緣嚙諄管理 (嚙緩嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭)
嚙箭 MySQL 嚙磊嚙誕伐蕭 SQL 嚙緙嚙踝蕭
嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭

嚙瞑嚙瑾嚙踝蕭嚙緘繫

MySQL
嚙瑾嚙諍賂蕭⑷w嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緯嚙踝蕭

嚙踝蕭嚙箴嚙皺嚙緯嚙瘦 MySQL 嚙瞌嚙瑾嚙諉蛛蕭嚙箱嚙複查嚙賠語嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙衛且嚙賭援嚙穀嚙篁嚙諍迎蕭嚙踝蕭嚙綞嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙稽嚙璀嚙瘤 Linux嚙瘠嚙踝蕭 Linux 嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙瘡嚙誰速嚙踝蕭嚙衝荔蕭@嚙踝蕭嚙稽嚙緘嚙踝蕭嚙課量嚙瘠

簡嚙踝蕭

MySQL 嚙瞌嚙瑾嚙諉蛛蕭嚙箱嚙複查嚙賠語嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緯嚙踝蕭A 嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙瑾嚙諍主嚙請客佗蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙諄程嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙諉且嚙箠嚙諸一嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙瘩嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙諄許嚙篁嚙踝蕭嚙諄歹蕭D嚙踝蕭嚙瑾嚙瞑嚙畿嚙瑾嚙瘠

嚙緯嚙窯嚙皚嚙瞋嚙踝蕭 SQL 嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙璀嚙瞌嚙瑾嚙踝蕭D嚙窯嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙複梧蕭嚙璀嚙稽嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙稷嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙緘嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭⑷w (relational database) 嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙稻嚙璀嚙諉伐蕭嚙篇嚙賢章嚙踝蕭嚙諍迎蕭嚙璀嚙衛非嚙踝蕭嚙瞇嚙緯嚙緙嚙緲嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭h嚙璀嚙線嚙瞌嚙緯嚙瞋嚙踝蕭k嚙諉描嚙緲嚙畿嚙衛示範嚙磐嚙諉特嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙諄喉蕭嚙碼嚙踝蕭 SQL 嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緹嚙踝蕭嚙瘠

嚙踝蕭嚙誹們伐蕭嚙諉回嚙請一嚙褒橘蕭嚙緞嚙複伐蕭A 嚙踝蕭嚙瑾嚙瘟嚙皺嚙瑾嚙羯嚙褕， IBM 嚙罷嚙締嚙踝蕭 SQL 嚙誼上嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙畿嚙緬嚙踝蕭嚙諉時候開嚙締嚙璀嚙緻嚙踝蕭 SQL 嚙瞇嚙箭嚙踝蕭嚙緘嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙踝蕭嚙緻嚙箠嚙磕嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙緣嚙諛哨蕭嚙緯嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭C IBM 嚙踝蕭嚙篇嚙踝蕭嚙碼嚙瑾嚙諍迎蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭 SQL 嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙窮嚙請準莎蕭嚙踝蕭 (ANSI)嚙璀嚙踝蕭茬Q嚙緬嚙盤嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙請準，嚙諉且嚙緬嚙踝蕭嚙諉時候開嚙締嚙璀 SQL 嚙瞇嚙編嚙綞嚙踝蕭嚙瞋嚙誕用在嚙瑾嚙趟的嚙踝蕭嚙緘嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙踝蕭嚙瘠嚙箭嚙踝蕭嚙褕， DB2 嚙瞌嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙諒剁蕭嚙緩嚙踝的嚙瑾嚙諍，嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙箭 1983 嚙羯嚙瞋嚙稽嚙緘嚙碼嚙諉，嚙篌嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙諄在嚙篌嚙踝蕭嚙瘩嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙課。

嚙箭 GNU 嚙踝蕭嚙瑾嚙褕裡， MySQL 嚙瞌 Linux 嚙踝蕭嚙課歹蕭嚙璀嚙諒常嚙瞋嚙豬用來歹蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙緘嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙踝蕭嚙緹嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瑾嚙瘠嚙緻嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙諄程嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緬嚙窯嚙瞌嚙踝蕭嚙罵嚙稽嚙緣嚙箭嚙磊嚙踝蕭嚙緩嚙誼套嚙踟中，嚙稽嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭 GNU 嚙踝蕭嚙緯嚙踝蕭洏帠\嚙箠嚙緻嚙賣的嚙瘤嚙緘嚙瘦嚙瞌嚙誕用抬蕭虓~嚙踝蕭嚙碼嚙璀嚙諄在嚙賭它嚙踝蕭嚙諄程嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙衝用伐蕭嚙璀嚙瞇嚙豎要嚙踝蕭嚙緻嚙穀嚙箠嚙課照才嚙箠嚙瘡嚙瘠

嚙踝蕭嚙豬賂蕭ⅱq嚙踝蕭嚙篌嚙緘嚙璀嚙緻嚙瞎嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緯嚙踝蕭A 嚙踝蕭嚙瞋嚙緹嚙踝蕭 ( 嚙褓管已嚙箭 MySQL 嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙諒賂蕭嚙踝蕭 ) 嚙瞌嚙緣嚙論快速嚙畿嚙緣嚙諄強嚙確嚙踝蕭嚙瑾嚙踝蕭 ( 嚙踝蕭嚙瞎嚙瞌嚙箭嚙瞑嚙瑾嚙踝蕭嚙褐歹蕭嚙璀嚙瞑嚙賭它嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙諛歹蕭 )嚙瘠嚙誹們蛛蕭嚙瑾嚙磊嚙罵嚙諂細討嚙論剁蕭A 嚙踝蕭硈t嚙踝蕭嚙畿嚙緲嚙踝蕭O嚙璀嚙瞌嚙誼梧蕭Y嚙踝蕭 SQL 嚙請準功嚙賞的嚙趟牲嚙諉來。

MySQL 嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭l嚙褕，嚙瘡嚙諄可嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙褕，嚙箠嚙瘡嚙諄在嚙瘦 Linux 2.0+, SCO, Solaris 2.5, 2.6, SUNOS 4.x, BSDI 2.x, 3.0, SGI IRIX 6.x, AIX 4.x, DEC UNIX 4.x, HPUX 10.20, Windows 95 ( 嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙瑾嚙踝蕭! 嚙磅嚙範嚙踝蕭嚙窮? )嚙璀嚙碼嚙瘦嚙課佗蕭嚙窯嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瑾嚙羯嚙緣嚙諄喉蕭嚙賭援嚙瘤嚙瘠

嚙緻嚙諉免嚙瞌嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙瞌嚙踝蕭 Michael Windenis 嚙課寫嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緣嚙羯嚙諉業嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙踝蕭 TCX Datakonsulter AB 嚙課發嚙踝蕭C

嚙瘩嚙緯嚙磅嚙踝蕭

Mysql 嚙踝蕭嚙瘩嚙緯嚙稽嚙緘嚙踝蕭嚙諍標，嚙瞌嚙誰速嚙諄強嚙確嚙瘠
嚙瘡 C 嚙踝蕭 C++ 嚙篇嚙踝蕭, 嚙衛使伐蕭 GCC 2.7.2.1 嚙諉湛蕭嚙調，嚙誕伐蕭 GNU 嚙踝蕭嚙諛動堆蕭嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙諉增嚙稼嚙箠嚙踝蕭嚙褓性。
嚙諄歹蕭搘i嚙瘡嚙踝蕭 C, C++, JAVA, Perl, TCL 嚙篁嚙諍語嚙踝蕭嚙瘠
嚙賭援嚙篁嚙踝蕭嚙畿嚙緲嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緘嚙瘦嚙箠嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭o嚙篁嚙諉處嚙緲嚙踝蕭嚙赭源嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緹嚙踝蕭嚙箠嚙瘡嚙稼嚙瘡嚙瞋嚙諄。
嚙箠嚙瘡嚙箭嚙磊嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙綞嚙諄作嚙羯嚙緣嚙諄上嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭C
嚙緣嚙諄迎蕭嚙皺嚙碼嚙諄個人嚙誕伐蕭嚙緞嚙踝蕭嚙稽嚙緩嚙璀嚙瘩嚙窯嚙踝蕭嚙緩嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瘤嚙踝蕭嚙瘠
嚙課佗蕭嚙篇嚙盤嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙褒送嚙踝蕭嚙皺嚙碼嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙篇嚙盤嚙稼嚙皺嚙畿嚙緲嚙瘠
嚙踝蕭嚙箠嚙豌及固嚙緩嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙踝蕭 (records) 嚙篌嚙緘嚙瘠
嚙瘠嚙諉迎蕭嚙踝蕭 (table) 嚙箠嚙瘡嚙踝蕭 16 嚙諉荔蕭嚙踝蕭 (index)嚙璀嚙瘠嚙諉荔蕭嚙豬可嚙瘡嚙諸一嚙豌十嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙諄其中嚙瑾嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙課組佗蕭嚙璀嚙畿嚙諒大嚙踝蕭嚙論可嚙瘡嚙踝蕭 127 嚙諉位元嚙踝蕭 (bytes)嚙瘠
嚙課佗蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭麭�蕭i嚙瘡嚙踝蕭嚙緩嚙稽嚙褓。
嚙踝蕭嚙瑾嚙諉工嚙踝蕭 (Isamchk) 嚙箠嚙瘡嚙諄剁蕭嚙誼查嚙畿嚙諒佳化、嚙瘡嚙諄修伐蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭C
嚙課佗蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭①A 嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙踝蕭 ISO8859_1 嚙賣式嚙踝蕭嚙綞嚙編嚙瘠
嚙諄歹蕭搘i嚙瘡嚙踝蕭 TCP 嚙踝蕭 UNIX 嚙褊包 (sockets) 嚙諉和嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緯嚙賡溝嚙緬嚙瘠
嚙箭嚙踝蕭傺嚙踝蕭~嚙確嚙踝蕭嚙褕可嚙賭援嚙篁嚙踝蕭y嚙踝蕭嚙瘠
嚙課佗蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙踝蕭嚙箠嚙踝蕭 -help 嚙踝蕭 -? 嚙諉尋嚙瘩嚙踝蕭U嚙瘠
嚙踝蕭嚙穀嚙篁嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭⑴嚙踝蕭A嚙璀嚙緘嚙瘦 1, 2, 3, 4 嚙踝蕭 8 嚙諉位元嚙調迎蕭嚙踝蕭嚙� (int)嚙畿嚙畿嚙瘢嚙踝蕭 (floats)嚙畿嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭蚽B嚙瘢嚙踝蕭 (double)嚙畿嚙緝嚙踝蕭 (character)嚙畿嚙踝蕭嚙� (date)嚙畿嚙瘠嚙罵 (enum) 嚙踝蕭嚙瘠
嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭 Windows 95 嚙誕用迎蕭 ODBC 嚙碼嚙褊程嚙踝蕭 (嚙緣嚙踝蕭l嚙踝蕭)嚙璀嚙箠嚙踝蕭 ACCESS 嚙諉和嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緯嚙踝蕭s嚙踝蕭嚙瘠

嚙緩嚙踝蕭

嚙豌自然嚙窮嚙璀嚙箭嚙緩嚙誼這嚙諉賂蕭⑷w嚙踝蕭嚙箴嚙璀嚙璀嚙豎要嚙踝蕭嚙趣底嚙磊嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙綞嚙磊嚙踝蕭嚙褕案來安嚙誼：

http://www.tcx.se

嚙諄經嚙踝蕭 FTP :
ftp://ftp.sunet.se/pub/unix/databases/relational/mysql

嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙瞎嚙緯嚙踝蕭嚙瞎嚙緩嚙緯嚙磊嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭l嚙褕或者是嚙箠嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙褕，嚙踝蕭雈帡嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭犰w嚙誼，嚙罵嚙瞌嚙踝蕭簡嚙賣的嚙緩嚙誼歹蕭k嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙盤嚙璀嚙緯嚙踝蕭o嚙踝蕭t嚙碼嚙誹們所用伐蕭嚙綞嚙踝蕭嚙箠嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙褕才嚙踝蕭 ( 嚙箭嚙諒常嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙綞嚙磕嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙瞎嚙瞌嚙罵嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭 )嚙瘠

嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙緩嚙誼可嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭

嚙踝蕭嚙磊嚙踝蕭嚙緻嚙踝蕭嚙褕：

mysql-Version.tar.gz

嚙瞎嚙踝蕭捅}嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙誹常嚙諄迎蕭嚙踝蕭k嚙緘嚙磊嚙瘦

嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙磐嚙褕案：
gunzip -dfv mysql-Version.tar.gz
嚙瞎嚙踝蕭嚙� .tar 嚙褕案解開嚙瘦
tar -xvf mysql-Version.tar

嚙誹在 /usr/local 嚙緻嚙諉目選蕭嚙磊嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭 tar 嚙緻嚙諉命嚙瞌嚙璀嚙課以嚙諸開嚙踝蕭嚙褕案會嚙瞌嚙箭
/usr/local/mysql-3.20.32a-pc-linux-gnu-i586 嚙踝蕭嚙磊嚙瘠
嚙緻嚙諉名嚙緝嚙瘩嚙窯嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭峞A 嚙課以嚙誹以嚙諍立一嚙諉符賂蕭嚙趣結 (symbolic link) 嚙踝蕭嚙質式嚙璀嚙瞇嚙踝蕭s嚙踝蕭 mysql嚙瘦
> ln -s mysql-3.20.32a-pc-linux-gnu-i586/bin mysql

嚙緻嚙諉目選蕭嚙踝蕭嚙磊嚙稽嚙璀嚙瘤嚙踝蕭嚙磊嚙踝蕭嚙瘤嚙踝蕭G

drwxr-xr-x 8192 Nov 24 1993 bin
drwxr-xr-x 8192 Nov 24 1993 etc
drwxr-xr-x 8192 Aug 17 1997 i18n
drwxr-xrx 8192 Mar 16 1994 include
drwxr-xr-x 8192 Mar 19 02:03 jdk1.1.3
drwxr-xr-x 8192 Aug 17 1997 jre
drwxr-xr-x 8192 Mar 16 1994 lib
lrwxrwxrwx 36 Jan 18 19:40 mysql
drwxr-xr-x 8192 Feb 5 00:07 mysql-3.20.32a-pc-linux-gnu-i586
drwxr-xr-x 8192 Nov 24 1993 sbin
drwxr-xr-x 8192 Nov 24 1993 src

嚙踝蕭嚙諒堆蕭嚙踝蕭 `cd mysql`嚙璀嚙瞇嚙箠嚙瘡嚙豎剁蕭 MySQL 嚙踝蕭嚙瑾嚙褒可嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙褕，嚙瑾嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙窯嚙踝蕭嚙豌，嚙瞇嚙箠嚙瘡嚙褒備啟動賂蕭⑷w嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緯嚙踝蕭嚙緻嚙瘠

嚙緬嚙踝蕭l嚙碼嚙緩嚙踝蕭

嚙誕用伐蕭嚙箴嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭k嚙諉賂蕭嚙踝蕭嚙磐嚙踝蕭l嚙褕。嚙踝蕭嚙諛堆蕭嚙踝蕭U嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙褊作嚙瘦

cd mysql-Version
./configure

make install

嚙踝蕭^嚙諉迎蕭嚙踝蕭l嚙碼嚙瞎嚙踝蕭怑嚙踝蕭A 嚙緬嚙窯嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙穀嚙篁嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭w嚙誼程嚙褒迎蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瘠嚙踝蕭嚙瑾嚙褒己嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙諄、嚙磅嚙緩嚙踝蕭嚙綞嚙瞎嚙瑾嚙羯嚙緣嚙諄所需注嚙瞇嚙踝蕭嚙複塚蕭嚙畿嚙稽嚙緩嚙課需要嚙踝蕭嚙諸數、嚙瞎嚙瑾嚙褒搜嚙踝蕭嚙稻嚙諉迎蕭 FAQ嚙瘠嚙踝蕭嚙衝一嚙踝蕭嚙緩嚙誼時喉蕭嚙豌塚蕭嚙瞋嚙褕，嚙罵嚙踝蕭嚙談一嚙諉含嚙踝蕭嚙箠嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙褕迎蕭嚙諍選蕭嚙璀嚙瞇嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙箴嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭i嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙褕安嚙誼時迎蕭嚙褕案一嚙誼。

嚙踝蕭議嚙誕用者，嚙緯嚙箭嚙緩嚙誼及編譯嚙緹嚙踝蕭嚙質面嚙璀嚙賬有嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙篇嚙踝蕭A 嚙羯嚙諄哨蕭l嚙褕來安嚙誼，嚙諉且嚙箠嚙踝蕭o嚙褒動作嚙璀嚙磐嚙皚嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭D嚙褕，嚙瑾嚙緩嚙緯嚙踝蕭嚙磋嚙諄迎蕭嚙褕塚蕭嚙瞎嚙瑾嚙賠。

嚙衝一嚙畿嚙璀嚙緣嚙諄管理 (嚙緩嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭)

嚙箭嚙諄上嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙趣的嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭@嚙諍方式嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙緩嚙踝蕭 MySQL 嚙瘡嚙踝蕭A嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙緣嚙諄裡哨蕭嚙踝蕭嚙諉佗蕭嚙瘡嚙磊嚙緻嚙諉目選蕭嚙瘦

/usr/local/mysql-3.20.32a-pc-linux-gnu-i586

should contain these files and directories:

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4133 Oct 1 1997 INSTALL-BINARY
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16666 Oct 7 21:10 INSTALL-SOURCE
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 24088 Oct 27 23:06 NEWS
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3562 Apr 11 1997 PORTING
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8512 May 21 1997 PUBLIC
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1963 Jul 31 1997 README
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3416 Jun 4 1997 TODO
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 8192 Oct 28 00:44 bench
drwxr-xr-x 2 cuenta1 users 8192 Mar 27 00:42 bin
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 8192 Mar 31 00:26 data
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 8192 Oct 28 00:44 include
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 8192 Oct 28 00:44 lib
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 132883 Jun 8 1997 mysql-faq.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 117622 Jun 10 1997 mysql-faq.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 9301 Jun 8 1997 mysql-faq_toc.html
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 8192 Oct 28 00:44 mysqlperl
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 8192 Oct 28 00:44 scripts
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 8192 Oct 28 00:44 share
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 8192 Oct 28 00:44 tests

嚙璀嚙箠嚙瘡嚙豎穿蕭 README嚙畿 TODO嚙畿 INSTALL嚙畿 mysql-faq 嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭r嚙褕，嚙瘡嚙踝蕭o嚙踝蕭h嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭w嚙誼迎蕭嚙踝蕭T嚙璀嚙緻嚙褒歹蕭馧ㄚ雱嚙踝蕭嚙諉且嚙踝蕭琚A 嚙褓得嚙瑾嚙踝蕭 (嚙緻嚙篇嚙賢章嚙踝蕭嚙瑾嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙瞇嚙瞌嚙緬嚙緻嚙諒看來迎蕭)嚙瘠

嚙箭 /data 嚙諍選蕭嚙踝蕭嚙磊嚙璀嚙罵嚙諒歹蕭嚙瞑嚙諍選蕭嚙璀嚙踝蕭m嚙緲嚙箭嚙緻嚙諉系嚙諄上嚙璀嚙課建立迎蕭嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙踝蕭嚙箴嚙璀嚙箭嚙踝蕭w嚙誼改蕭嚙緣嚙諄迎蕭嚙褕候，嚙緻嚙踝蕭嚙磊嚙罵嚙踝蕭嚙瑾嚙諉名嚙踝蕭 “mysql” 嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙諄來支援嚙緩嚙踝蕭嚙褊功嚙踝蕭A

嚙箭 /bench 嚙諍選蕭嚙踝蕭嚙磊嚙踝蕭嚙碼嚙踝蕭 SQL 嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙褕範嚙課。嚙磅嚙瞌嚙窯嚙瞇嚙踝蕭嚙諄哨蕭l嚙碼嚙緩嚙誼迎蕭嚙罵嚙踝蕭嚙穀嚙穀嚙篁嚙篁嚙諄可嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙褕安嚙誼時沒嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙範嚙踝蕭嚙褕。

嚙箭 /share 嚙諍選蕭嚙踝蕭嚙磊嚙罵嚙踝蕭m嚙穀嚙篁嚙踝蕭嚙瞑嚙緙嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙羯嚙確嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭氶C

嚙瞑 /include 嚙瞑 /lib 嚙諍選蕭嚙踝蕭嚙磊嚙瞌 MySQL 嚙緩嚙誼套嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙諸迎蕭嚙踝蕭嚙磐嚙踝蕭 (header files) 嚙瘡嚙諄程嚙踝蕭嚙緩嚙瘠

嚙璀嚙瑾嚙緩嚙緬嚙緻嚙踝蕭 /bin 嚙踝蕭嚙磊嚙瞌嚙踝蕭i嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙褕迎蕭嚙窮嚙璀嚙緻嚙褒可嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙褕裡哨蕭嚙諒哨蕭嚙緯嚙踝蕭嚙碼嚙諉是嚙瘦

`mysql'

嚙瑾嚙諉支援 GNU readline 嚙踝蕭 SQL 嚙磋嚙瞌嚙踝蕭 (command shell)嚙璀嚙箠嚙瘡嚙踝蕭穻嚙踝蕭峓憒賂蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭B嚙緲 SQL 嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙瘠

`mysqladmin'

MySQL 嚙踝蕭嚙豬理嚙線嚙踝蕭A 嚙箠嚙諄來建立或刪嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙璀嚙諄者用剁蕭嚙踝蕭o嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭T嚙瘠

`mysqld'

SQL “deamon” 嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瑾嚙踝蕭嚙箭嚙瘢嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭C

`mysqlshow'

嚙諄剁蕭嚙誼蛛蕭嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙畿嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙趣的嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭T嚙瘠

`safe_mysqld'

嚙諄來啟堆蕭 “mysqld” 嚙踝蕭嚙緘嚙緹嚙踝蕭嚙瘠

`mysqlaccess'

嚙諄剁蕭嚙誼查嚙瘩嚙踝蕭 (Host)嚙畿嚙誕用迎蕭 (User) 嚙瘡嚙諄賂蕭⑷w (Database) 嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙皚嚙踝蕭Y嚙諍組合嚙褕迎蕭嚙緞嚙踝蕭嚙瘠

`mysqlbug'

嚙諄來回嚙踝蕭嚙箭嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緯嚙踝蕭怬嚙趣的嚙踝蕭嚙諄。

`mysql_install_db'

嚙諍立一嚙諉歹蕭嚙踝蕭嚙緩嚙稽嚙緞嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙篌嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭F 嚙緬嚙窯嚙箭嚙緩嚙誼改蕭嚙瑾嚙諉新嚙緣嚙諄以嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瘠

`isamchk'

嚙諄剁蕭嚙誼查嚙畿嚙諒佳化及修伐蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭C

嚙緩嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭

MySQL 嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙踝蕭嚙緣嚙諄可嚙瘡嚙瞌嚙課使用者僅荔蕭嚙踝蕭嚙篇嚙盤嚙磐嚙踝蕭{嚙踝蕭 (authorized) 嚙踝蕭嚙線嚙瑾 (嚙踝蕭嚙篁嚙稽嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭)嚙瘠

嚙緣嚙諄作嚙踝蕭嚙踟異堆蕭 (transaction) 嚙褕喉蕭嚙罵嚙諒橘蕭 “嚙踝蕭嚙諉使用迎蕭” (WHICH USER) 嚙緬 “嚙踝蕭嚙綞嚙瘩嚙踝蕭” (WHICH HOST) 嚙編嚙磕 “嚙磅嚙緩嚙踝蕭⑷w” (GIVEN DATABASE) 嚙諉蛛蕭嚙瞑嚙踝蕭嚙瞑嚙踝蕭嚙緞嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緣嚙諄是嚙諒橘蕭 “mysql” 嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙諒哨蕭嚙踝蕭 “USER”嚙畿“HOST” 嚙瞑 “DB” 嚙緻嚙確嚙諉迎蕭嚙賣的嚙踝蕭嚙箴嚙諉決嚙緩嚙瞌嚙稻嚙踝蕭\嚙磐嚙踝蕭嚙豬作嚙瘠

嚙緻嚙碼嚙諉迎蕭嚙踝蕭怑嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭p嚙磊嚙瘦

嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙瘦 mysql

Tables
db
host
user

嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭G db

Field	Type	Null	Key	Default	Extra
Host	char(60)		PRI
Db	char(32)		PRI
User	char(16)		PRI
Select_priv	char(1)			N
Insert_priv	char(1)			N
Update_priv	char(1)			N
Delete_priv	char(1)			N
Create_priv	char(1)			N
Drop_priv	char(1)			N

嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭G host

Field	Type	Null	Key	Default	Extra
Host	char(60)		PRI
Db	char(32)		PRI
Select_priv	char(1)			N
Insert_priv	char(1)			N
Update_priv	char(1)			N
Delete_priv	char(1)			N
Create_priv	char(1)			N
Drop_priv	char(1)			N

嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭G user

Field	Type	Null	Key	Default	Extra
Host	char(60)		PRI
User	char(16)		PRI
Password	char(16)
Select_priv	char(1)			N
Insert_priv	char(1)			N
Update_priv	char(1)			N
Delete_priv	char(1)			N
Create_priv	char(1)			N
Drop_priv	char(1)			N
Reload_priv	char(1)			N
Shutdown_priv	char(1)			N
Process_priv	char(1)			N
File_priv	char(1)			N

嚙璀嚙箠嚙瘡嚙褒改蕭嚙緻嚙褒迎蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瞑嚙誕用者對蕭Y嚙瑾嚙諉迎蕭嚙踝蕭i嚙踝蕭嚙碼 (SELECT)嚙畿嚙踝蕭嚙皚 (INSERT)嚙畿嚙踝蕭s (UPDATE) 嚙踝蕭嚙磋嚙踝蕭 (DELETE) 嚙踝蕭嚙褊作嚙踝蕭嚙緞嚙踝蕭嚙瘠

嚙稽嚙踝蕭b嚙踝蕭嚙稽嚙緩嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙穀嚙諍伐蕭 (CREATE)嚙畿嚙磋嚙踝蕭 (DROP) 嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭庛嚙複庫嚙瘠

嚙緣嚙羯嚙踝蕭嚙趣的嚙瞌嚙璀嚙璀嚙誶可嚙瘡嚙稽嚙緩嚙誕伐蕭 “shutdown”嚙畿 “reload”嚙畿“process” 嚙踝蕭嚙緣嚙諄恬蕭嚙瞌嚙踝蕭嚙緞嚙踝蕭嚙瘠

嚙踝蕭嚙羯嚙璀嚙箠嚙瘡嚙踝蕭 “mysqlaccess” 嚙緻嚙諉命嚙瞌嚙踝蕭Z (script) 嚙踝蕭嚙誼蛛蕭嚙緣嚙諄目前嚙踝蕭嚙磊嚙踝蕭嚙緞嚙踝蕭嚙稽嚙緩嚙瘠

嚙箭嚙稽嚙緩嚙緞嚙踝蕭嚙褕，嚙瘩嚙踝蕭 (HOST) 嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瞌 “host local” 嚙畿IP 嚙踝蕭} 嚙諄是嚙瑾嚙踝蕭 SQL 嚙踝蕭嚙豌佗蕭 (expression)嚙瘠嚙踝蕭嚙緘嚙箭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭 “db” 嚙諒哨蕭 "host" 嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙褐迎蕭嚙璀嚙緻嚙踝蕭嚙豌是 “host” 嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭怑嚙踝蕭嚙� “any host”嚙瘤嚙諛對的嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙緘嚙箭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭 “host” 嚙踝蕭 “user” 嚙諒哨蕭嚙踝蕭 "host" 嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙褐迎蕭嚙璀嚙瞇嚙瞇嚙踝蕭嚙瘤嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瞑嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙諍伐蕭 TCP 嚙編嚙線嚙踝蕭嚙瘩嚙踝蕭嚙瘠

"Db" 嚙瞌嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙踝蕭嚙磕嚙誶。

嚙瑾嚙諉空白迎蕭 “USER” 嚙踝蕭嚙瞇嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踟的使用者。

嚙衝一嚙畿

嚙課堆蕭 MySQL 嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緯嚙踝蕭怬眭嚙踝蕭嚙糊嚙瞇嚙瞌嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭H嚙磊嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙瘦

mysql.server start

嚙瞋嚙緯嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭A嚙緯嚙踝蕭i嚙瘡嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭G

mysql.server stop

嚙緘嚙瞑嚙箭 MySQL 嚙踝蕭嚙緩嚙誼恬蕭嚙緯嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙趣的嚙璀嚙瘡嚙磕嚙踝蕭嚙褊作嚙踝蕭嚙箠嚙瘡嚙褒命嚙瞌嚙踝蕭Z safe_mysql 嚙諉達嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙盤嚙踝蕭嚙豬如嚙踝蕭A嚙踝蕭嚙瘦嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙罵嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭 “mysqld” 嚙緻嚙諉背嚙踝蕭嚙緹嚙踝蕭 (deamon)嚙瘠

嚙誹們很容嚙踝蕭嚙箠嚙瘡嚙緲嚙諸，嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙緯嚙課動賂蕭⑷w嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緹嚙踝蕭嚙諉對蕭嚙複庫嚙箠嚙踝蕭狾嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭犑@嚙瘤嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緹嚙踝蕭嚙箭嚙瘢嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙賣的嚙褕候，嚙誹們才嚙箠嚙瘡嚙箠嚙踝蕭 "mysqladmin" 嚙諒迎蕭嚙豬作嚙璀mysqladmin 嚙踝蕭嚙緙嚙糊嚙緘嚙磊嚙瘦

mysqladmin [OPTIONS] command command …

嚙踝項 OPTIONS 嚙箠嚙瘡嚙瞌嚙瘦

-f, --force 嚙箭嚙磋嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙賣之嚙箴嚙踝蕭嚙罵嚙踝蕭嚙緯嚙瘩嚙誕用者作嚙確嚙緹嚙褊作嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙磋嚙踝蕭嚙瘠
-?, --help 嚙踝蕭雱A嚙踝蕭嚙箭嚙豎迎蕭嚙緻嚙諉鳴蕭嚙踝蕭嚙確嚙踝蕭嚙瘠
-h, --host=# 嚙編嚙磕嚙瘩嚙踝蕭嚙瘠
-p, --password[=...] 嚙編嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙皺嚙碼嚙瘠
-P --port=... 嚙諄來連嚙線嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭 (Port number)嚙瘠
-S --socket=... 嚙諄來連嚙線嚙踝蕭嚙褊包嚙褕殷蕭 (Socket file)嚙瘠
-u, --user=# 嚙諄來連嚙線嚙踝蕭嚙誕用者帳嚙踝蕭嚙瘠
-V, --version 嚙踝蕭雈堳e嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緯嚙賡的嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瘠

嚙踝蕭 command 嚙箠嚙瘡嚙瞌嚙瑾嚙諉或多嚙諉迎蕭嚙磊嚙瘠嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙瘦

create database_name
嚙諍立新嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙瘠
drop database_name
嚙磋嚙踝蕭嚙緻嚙諉賂蕭⑷w嚙諄其中嚙踝蕭嚙課佗蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭C
kill process_id
嚙磋嚙踝蕭嚙緘嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭 mysql 嚙踝蕭嚙瑾嚙諉程嚙褒。
processlist
嚙瘠嚙碼嚙緘嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭 mysql 嚙踝蕭嚙課佗蕭嚙緹嚙褒。
shutdown
嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緯嚙踝蕭C
status
嚙踝蕭雃嚙踝蕭A嚙緯嚙踝蕭堳e嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙瘠
version
嚙踝蕭雃嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭A嚙緯嚙賡的嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瘠
嚙罵嚙課剁蕭嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭G
mysqladmin create newdatabase

嚙罵嚙編嚙諍一嚙諉名嚙踝蕭 "newdatabase" 嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙瘠

嚙緯嚙瘠嚙碼嚙踝蕭嚙箭嚙緻嚙綞嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙磕嚙稽嚙踝蕭嚙課佗蕭嚙緹嚙褒，嚙箠嚙瘡嚙瘦
mysqladmin processlist

嚙誶佗蕭嚙瑾嚙諉哨蕭嚙緯嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙瞌 "mysqlshow"嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙箠嚙瘡嚙踝蕭雈堳e嚙課佗蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙璀嚙罵嚙踝蕭嚙諉剁蕭嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙稼嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭捊⑹嚙踝蕭嚙� mysqlshow 嚙踝蕭嚙豌：
> mysqlshow
```
	+-----------+
	| Databases |
	+-----------+
	| mysql     |
	| people    |
	| test      |
	+-----------+
```
嚙箭 MySQL 嚙磊嚙誕伐蕭 SQL 嚙緙嚙踝蕭

嚙誹們在嚙踝蕭嚙論裡哨蕭嚙緩嚙篇嚙踝蕭嚙碼 MySQL 嚙緻嚙瞎 SQL 嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緯嚙踝蕭Q嚙緹嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙瞑嚙踝蕭嚙褐迎蕭嚙緯嚙踝蕭嚙諒哨蕭嚙緣嚙論最快迎蕭嚙瑾嚙諉，嚙瞑嚙褕也嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭坒嚙踝蕭嚙緹嚙緯嚙踝蕭嚙瞇嚙踝蕭嚙瞇嚙瞌嚙踝蕭嚙賞提嚙諸一嚙褒我哨蕭嚙瘡嚙緹嚙踝蕭嚙豌哨蕭嚙緯嚙踝蕭 SQL 嚙磅嚙褊，嚙賭中嚙踝蕭茈嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭悛嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭n嚙磅嚙褊就嚙瞌觸嚙緻嚙踝蕭 (Triggers) 嚙瞑嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙豬選蕭 (Transactional Logic)嚙瘠

嚙課謂迎蕭觸嚙緻嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙線嚙瞌嚙瑾嚙緘嚙緬嚙緹嚙踝蕭嚙碼嚙璀嚙緻嚙緬嚙緹嚙踝蕭嚙碼嚙箭嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙瞋嚙瘢嚙瘡嚙磐嚙磅嚙緩嚙踝蕭嚙瑾 (嚙緘嚙踝蕭s嚙畿嚙磋嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭) 嚙褕就嚙罵嚙瞋 "觸嚙緻" --嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭--嚙璀嚙緣嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭M嚙緯嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙畿嚙羯嚙踝蕭嚙赭源嚙諉湛蕭嚙踝蕭觸嚙緻嚙踝蕭嚙瞋觸嚙緻嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭H嚙諄管理嚙緻嚙踝蕭觸嚙緻嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緻嚙瞇嚙瞌 MySQL 嚙衛歹蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭觸嚙緻嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙賠一嚙踝蕭]嚙瘠

嚙箭嚙踝蕭嚙編嚙褊賂蕭⑷w嚙諒哨蕭嚙璀嚙磊嚙諉迎蕭嚙踝蕭 (table) 嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙踝蕭嚙瑾嚙瞑嚙褊，嚙瞌嚙瘩嚙窯嚙踝蕭嚙緯嚙踝蕭嚙璀 SQL 嚙踝蕭嚙諸了嚙瑾嚙踝蕭簡嚙賣的嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭A 嚙諉保嚙課這嚙誼迎蕭嚙瑾嚙瞑嚙褊：嚙線嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙豬選蕭v嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緯嚙賡不嚙踝蕭嚙緯嚙踝蕭嚙諸橘蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙緩 (blocking) 嚙褕案，嚙諉且嚙緯嚙諄一嚙踝蕭嚙複庫嚙踝蕭嚙豬作嚙璀嚙衛在嚙磐嚙諉恬蕭嚙瞌嚙豬作嚙踝蕭嚙瘡嚙踝蕭A 嚙誶荔蕭嚙踝蕭h嚙稷嚙踝蕭嚙磊嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙踝蕭嚙箴嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙瘤嚙緯嚙調， MySQL 嚙踝蕭嚙瘤嚙踝善嚙畿嚙緲嚙踝蕭嚙緣嚙論，嚙課以嚙衛伐蕭嚙踝蕭嚙諸莎蕭嚙踝蕭嚙豬選蕭 (嚙豌少歹蕭嚙磕嚙瞌嚙緻嚙踩說迎蕭)嚙璀嚙誹們唯一嚙諛助嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭k嚙璀嚙瞇嚙瞌嚙箭嚙踝蕭妐嚙複庫嚙踝蕭嚙箴嚙踝蕭 LOCK tables/UNLOCK tables 嚙緻嚙褒恬蕭嚙瞌嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭w嚙褕案歹蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭L嚙誕用者來使用，嚙踝蕭嚙盤嚙璀嚙誶是嚙磅嚙踝蕭k嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙緩嚙篇嚙踝蕭嚙複施嚙賣的嚙豬作嚙瘠

嚙踝蕭嚙締嚙諒哨蕭嚙課慮嚙瞎嚙踝蕭嚙緻嚙瞎嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緯嚙賡的嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭H嚙踝蕭A 嚙踝蕭嚙諛該來複習幾嚙踝蕭 SQL 嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙緻嚙璀嚙緻嚙瑾嚙緬嚙踝蕭嚙諍地嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙緯嚙諉賂蕭j嚙窮嚙踝蕭嚙磋嚙踝蕭s SQL 嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙璀嚙線嚙瞌嚙緯嚙踝蕭嚙篌嚙窮嚙豎看這嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緯嚙踝蕭A 嚙瞌嚙緘嚙踟提供這嚙褒恬蕭嚙瞌嚙諉已嚙瘠

嚙箭嚙課動佗蕭嚙璀嚙緯嚙踝蕭H嚙踝蕭A 嚙瞇嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙箴嚙碼嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙踝蕭嚙褒備了嚙瘠嚙緹嚙箭嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙誹們來建立一嚙諉名嚙緝嚙編嚙瑾 "people"嚙畿嚙諒哨蕭嚙緣嚙踝蕭 "clients"嚙畿 "states"嚙畿 "counties" 嚙確嚙諉迎蕭嚙賣的嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙璀嚙緻嚙瞌嚙瑾嚙諉恬蕭簡嚙踝蕭A 嚙諉且嚙踝蕭嚙諉對蕭峈嚙踝蕭d嚙課，嚙踝蕭嚙盤嚙璀嚙緩嚙踝蕭嚙瘡嚙踝蕭嚙誹哨蕭嚙璀嚙諸，嚙緯嚙緘嚙踝蕭B嚙緲嚙箭嚙線嚙踝蕭@嚙褕裡哨蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭①C 嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瑾嚙磊嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙緻嚙碼嚙諉動作嚙璀嚙箠嚙瘡嚙諄很多嚙踝蕭k嚙諉達嚙踝蕭嚙瘦嚙璀嚙箠嚙瘡嚙瞋嚙踝蕭 MySQL 嚙踝蕭嚙諸迎蕭嚙踝蕭嚙諄程嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭 (API) 嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙篇 C嚙畿 C++ 嚙踝蕭 JAVA 嚙緹嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙箭 Windows95 嚙踝蕭嚙磊嚙線嚙瑾嚙踝蕭嚙瘡嚙箠嚙瘡嚙緲嚙盤 ODBC 嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瞎 MySQL 嚙踝蕭嚙緬 (嚙篌嚙窮嚙璀嚙踝蕭怬琱@嚙踝蕭)嚙璀嚙諄者也嚙箠嚙瘡嚙誕伐蕭 MySQL 嚙踝蕭嚙諸迎蕭嚙磋嚙瞌嚙踝蕭 (shell) 嚙諉操作嚙瘠嚙踝蕭嚙磊嚙諉我將嚙罵嚙踝蕭雈帠怮嚙瑾嚙諉歹蕭k嚙諉示範嚙豬作嚙璀嚙稽嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭o 嚙篇嚙賢章嚙踝蕭嚙諍地嚙諉剁蕭嚙璀嚙誕用命嚙瞌嚙賠來操作嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙緩嚙篇嚙踝蕭嚙篌嚙瘤嚙璀嚙稽嚙箠嚙瘡嚙論免嚙緯嚙篁嚙緙嚙緲嚙賭它嚙緹嚙踝蕭嚙緙嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙磅嚙褊。

嚙箠嚙瘡嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭U嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙諉啟堆蕭 Mysql 嚙踝蕭嚙磋嚙瞌嚙賠：
mysql databasename

嚙磊嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙踝蕭N嚙罵嚙箠嚙踝蕭 MySQL 嚙磋嚙瞌嚙賠迎蕭嚙踝蕭嚙豌符賂蕭嚙磊嚙璀嚙瞇嚙箠嚙瘡嚙罷嚙締嚙箴嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緯嚙踝蕭F嚙瘠

嚙踝蕭嚙羯嚙稽嚙箠嚙瘡嚙諄命嚙瞌嚙賠迎蕭嚙賢次嚙課佗蕭嚙諉堆蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭O嚙瘦
mysql -e (“SQL command …… “)databasename

嚙磕嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙罵嚙踝蕭 SQL 嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙箴嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緯嚙踝蕭A嚙踝蕭嚙罵嚙箠嚙皚嚙磋嚙瞌嚙賠迎蕭嚙踝蕭嚙豌符賂蕭嚙瘠

嚙箭嚙誹們迎蕭嚙範嚙課裡哨蕭嚙璀嚙緯嚙踝蕭嚙諍立一嚙諉賂蕭⑷w "people"嚙璀嚙課以嚙誹們要嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭U嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙瘦
mysqladmin create people

嚙踝蕭嚙諛再嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭 MySQL 嚙磋嚙瞌嚙賠：
mysql people

嚙緹嚙箭嚙誹們可嚙瘡嚙罷嚙締嚙箭嚙磋嚙瞌嚙賠裡哨蕭嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭O嚙箴嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緯嚙踝蕭F嚙璀嚙課如嚙箠嚙瘡嚙諄下嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙璀嚙豎看這嚙諉賂蕭⑷w嚙諒哨蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙褒迎蕭嚙踝蕭G
> show tables /g

嚙緣嚙諄迎蕭嚙稷嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙瘦

Database: people
```
	+-------------+
	|   Tables    |
	+-------------+
	| clients     |
	| counties    |
	|  states     |
	+-------------+
```
嚙課佗蕭嚙諸命嚙瞌嚙賠送嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭A嚙緯嚙賡的嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙踝蕭嚙緯嚙瘡 /g 嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙諄來告嚙瘩嚙緣嚙諄恬蕭嚙瞌嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙箠嚙瘡嚙箴嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭A嚙踝蕭嚙豎去嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭F嚙瘠

嚙箭嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙緣嚙諄上嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙箠嚙踝蕭L嚙糊嚙緻嚙踝蕭p嚙磕嚙課述嚙踝蕭嚙緣嚙諄回嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙瞎嚙調，嚙瞋嚙緯嚙緻嚙踝蕭p嚙踝蕭嚙稷嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙豌，嚙瞇嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭 CREATE 嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙璀嚙諉建立穿蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭~嚙踝蕭A 嚙璀嚙箠嚙瘡嚙諄下嚙踝蕭嚙緻嚙碼嚙諉典型嚙踝蕭 CREATE 嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙璀嚙諍立這嚙確嚙諉迎蕭嚙踝蕭G
```
	CREATE TABLE clients
	      (NIF         CHAR(9)   NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
	       Name        CHAR(15)  NOT NULL,
	       Family_name CHAR(35)  NOT NULL,
	       Address     CHAR(50)  NOT NULL,
	       City        INT(5)    NOT NULL,
	       State       INT(2)    NOT NULL,
	       Phone       INT(9),
	       Date        DATE      NOT NULL)   /g
```
```
    CREATE TABLE states    
	      (Cod_state           INT(2)   NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
	       Description_s       CHAR(30) NOT NULL)   /g
```
```
    CREATE TABLE counties  
	      (Cod_state           INT(2)    NOT NULL,
	       Cod_county          INT(3)    NOT NULL,
	       Description_c       CHAR(30)  NOT NULL,
	          PRIMARY KEY(Cod_state,Cod_county)) /g          
```
嚙踝蕭嚙諛，嚙箠嚙瘡嚙箭嚙諍立好嚙踝蕭嚙賣之嚙踝蕭A 嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭U嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙瘦
> show colums from clients from people /g
> show columns from states from people /g
> show columns from counties from people /g

嚙誹們將嚙罵嚙緻嚙踝蕭G
```
Database: people   	Table: clients   Rows: 4
+--------------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field        | Type     | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| NIF          | char(9)  |      |PRI  |         |       |
| Name         | char(15) | YES  |     |         |       |
| Family_name  | char(35) |      |     |         |       |
| Address      | char(50) |      |     |         |       |
| City         | int(5)   |      |     |   0     |       |
| State        | int(2)   |      |     |   0     |       |
| Phone        | int(9)   | YES  |     |         |       |
| Date         | date     | YES  |     |         |       |
+--------------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
```
```
Database: people   	Table: states      Rows: 3
+-----------------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field           | Type     | Null | Key| Default  | Extra |
+-----------------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Cod_state       | int(2)   |      | PRI |    0    |       |
| Descripcion_s   | char(30) |      |     |         |       |
+-----------------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
```
```
Database: people   	Table: counties    Rows: 9
+------------------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field            | Type     | Null | Key| Default  | Extra |
+------------------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Cod_state        | int(2)   |      | PRI |   0     |       |
| Cod_county       |  int(3)  |      | PRI |   0     |       |
| Descripcion_c    | char(30) |      |     |         |       |
+------------------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
```
嚙踝蕭嚙磊嚙諉要嚙箠嚙賣的嚙瞌嚙璀嚙箭嚙瘠嚙諉迎蕭嚙踝蕭怑嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭J (insert) 嚙踝蕭①F 嚙踝蕭嚙誹們伐蕭 INSERT 嚙緻嚙踝蕭 SQL 嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙諉達嚙踝蕭嚙線嚙瑾嚙璀嚙踢須使用剁蕭嚙盤嚙緹嚙踝蕭嚙緙嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙諄伐蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙諄程嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙緹嚙踝蕭 (API routine)嚙瘦

嚙瘡嚙磊嚙瘠嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙箭 "clients"嚙畿"counties" 嚙瘡嚙踝蕭 "states" 嚙緻嚙確嚙諉迎蕭嚙踝蕭怴A 嚙磊嚙踝蕭嚙皚嚙瑾嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭①G

INSERT INTO clients VALUES
("5316828K","PEDRO","ROMERO DIAZ","C/ HOLA 9 ",29003,29,911111111,19980203)
/g

INSERT INTO counties VALUES
(28,001,"Fuenlabrada") /g

INSERT INTO states VALUES
(08,"Barcelona") /g

嚙諒恬蕭@嚙瑾嚙踝蕭嚙窯嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙踝蕭 SQL 嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙璀嚙瞇嚙踝蕭韐∴蕭J嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭怑嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙複佗蕭A 嚙踝蕭嚙� (select) 嚙碼嚙諉，嚙踝蕭嚙誹們伐蕭嚙緬 "counties" 嚙緻嚙諉迎蕭嚙踝蕭嚙碼 Cod_state 嚙踝蕭 28 嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙璀嚙諒歹蕭嚙瞑嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙緬 "clients" 嚙諒哨蕭嚙璀嚙踝蕭X嚙瞋嚙緯嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瘦
> SELECT ALL Cod_state, Cod_county, Description_c from counties where Cod_state = 28 /g
```
Cod_state	Cod_county	Description_c
28              1               Fuenlabrada
28              2               Pozuelo
28              3               Madrid
```
> SELECT ALL NIF,Name,Family_name,Address from clientes where City = 28001

NIF Name Family_name direccion
2416728U JOSE FERNANDEZ ROMERO C/ FELIZ 1 3G

> SELECT ALL NIF,Name,Family_name,Address from clients
where State = 29
NIF Name Family_name Address 23198623N JUAN ANDRES RUIZ MORALES C/ CATEDRAL 12 2B 5316828K PEDRO ROMERO DIAZ C/ HOLA 9 52312844J LUIS ALBERTO LISTO JIMENEZ C/ ROSA DE LOS VIENTOS 129 3I
嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭

嚙誹們在嚙瑾嚙罷嚙磐嚙璀嚙緩嚙篇嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瘤嚙緻嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭顗漸媦苤A 嚙瞌嚙箭嚙踝蕭i嚙豌某嚙諉特嚙緩 SQL 嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緯嚙踝蕭 (MySQL) 嚙踝蕭嚙踩本特嚙褊，嚙誹們並歹蕭嚙瞋嚙緯嚙踝蕭o嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭Y嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭 MySQL 嚙踝蕭嚙誕用步嚙皚嚙諄恬蕭嚙瞌嚙瘠嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙踝蕭嚙諉代嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瞌嚙璀嚙誹們希梧蕭b嚙緻嚙諒，嚙踝蕭s嚙瑾嚙磊嚙緻嚙瞎嚙緯嚙賡的嚙箠嚙踝蕭妡P嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭狾b嚙瘤嚙線嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙緘嚙踝蕭嚙窯嚙皚嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙諸一嚙瞎嚙緯嚙踝蕭A 嚙羯嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭u嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭o嚙緻嚙瞎嚙緯嚙賡提嚙諸迎蕭嚙踝蕭嚙篌嚙緯嚙畿嚙璀 MySQL 嚙誶莎蕭嚙瘤嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭觸嚙緻嚙踝蕭嚙瘡嚙諄莎蕭嚙踝蕭嚙豬選蕭A 嚙稽嚙諉使得嚙踝蕭⑩嚙踝蕭瑊z (嚙踝蕭嚙皚嚙畿嚙論改蕭B嚙磋嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭) 嚙箭嚙篁嚙誕用者迎蕭嚙踝蕭嚙諄程嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙瘡嚙諄使用剁蕭\嚙篁嚙諉相歹蕭嚙踝蕭嚙編嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭氶A 嚙豌得嚙瘩嚙窯嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙瘠嚙踝蕭嚙瞎嚙緘嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙箭嚙踝蕭嚙諄剁蕭搨n嚙踝蕭j嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭⑷w嚙瑾嚙誰速嚙編嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙褕候，嚙誹會嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭洏帠o嚙瞎嚙緯嚙踝蕭C

嚙諒恬蕭瓻僂硊N嚙箠嚙瘩嚙篌嚙窮嚙璀嚙緻嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙諒哨蕭嚙篌嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭①A 嚙踝蕭嚙箠嚙瘡嚙箭嚙稽嚙緣嚙踝蕭 MySQL 嚙瞎嚙踝蕭怑嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踟中改蕭嚙璀嚙緣嚙羯嚙瑾嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙篁嚙瞌嚙誹在嚙碼嚙篇嚙豬術嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙綞嚙踝蕭嚙賢章嚙璀嚙誶佗蕭嚙瑾嚙踝蕭嚙緩嚙篇嚙緻嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭 IBM 嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭 SQL 嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭U嚙諒哨蕭嚙豎來迎蕭嚙瘠

嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙� 嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙踝蕭嚙畿嚙瘦嚙趣忠嚙踝蕭翻譯

MySQL嚙瑾嚙諍賂蕭⑷w嚙踝蕭嚙璀嚙緯嚙踝蕭